Section 10. Establishing Neighborhood Beautification Programs

Motor City Blight Busters director John George and
The Fertile Grounds Collective director Cornell Royal.

 

Let’s take a weekend walk through neighborhoods in two small cities with similar population characteristics, geography, open space, residential and commercial development, and building types.

In City A, many streets lack sidewalks, and some existing sidewalks are cracked or difficult to use. Trash has accumulated in gutters and parts of the neighborhood park. Trees and other plantings are limited, some buildings need maintenance, and heavy traffic creates noise along several streets. The park is mostly empty, while a few young people gather near its edge. Commercial areas have limited pedestrian activity, and the combination of maintenance needs, traffic, limited greenery, and underused public space makes the neighborhood less comfortable to move through and spend time in.

In City B, sidewalks and bike lanes are well maintained and frequently used. Trees, flowers, gardens, and other plantings appear throughout the neighborhood. Houses and businesses reflect a variety of colors and styles, and a city park is active with people picnicking, playing sports, walking, and using nearby trails. Traffic-calming features help reduce vehicle speeds on smaller streets, and benches, shade, landscaping, and other amenities make public spaces comfortable places to spend time.

These examples are intentionally simplified, but they illustrate how maintenance, transportation, greenery, public space, accessibility, buildings, and other physical conditions can shape people's experiences of a neighborhood.

Neighborhood improvement is not about making every place look the same or imposing one group's idea of what is attractive. It is about creating and maintaining places that residents find welcoming, functional, safe, accessible, culturally meaningful, and supportive of everyday life.

In this section, part of a chapter on enhancing quality of life through the physical and social environment, we’ll discuss neighborhood beautification and improvement and look at how residents can make meaningful changes even when financial resources are limited.

What do we mean by a neighborhood beautification program?

In simplest terms, neighborhood beautification means working together to improve the appearance, condition, usability, and experience of shared neighborhood spaces.

The word beautification can sound as though there is one correct way for a neighborhood to look. There isn’t. What makes a place welcoming and meaningful depends on its residents, history, culture, climate, architecture, needs, and priorities.

A strength-based neighborhood beautification program therefore begins with what residents already value about their community and asks how those assets can be maintained, strengthened, connected, or expanded.

A neighborhood beautification program isn’t a single event (“Fix Up Your Yard Day”), but rather a strategy for maintaining, improving, and shaping the neighborhood over time. Individual projects may be completed one at a time, but they should connect with a longer-term community vision.

Neighborhood improvement can take place both at the neighborhood level and at the level of individual properties. Ideally, residents, renters, property owners, businesses, community organizations, and public agencies each contribute where they have responsibility, resources, or expertise.

Depending on community priorities, a program may focus on a single location or involve several connected improvements. Areas to consider include:

• Cleanliness and maintenance. Streets, sidewalks, parks, vacant lots, drainage areas, public spaces, and other shared environments are easier and more pleasant to use when trash is removed, infrastructure is maintained, and community resources are cared for.

Graffiti should be considered in context. Unwanted marking of private or public property may need to be removed, particularly when it contains threatening, discriminatory, or harmful content. At the same time, murals, street art, and other visual expression can have cultural and artistic value. Communities should distinguish between unwanted property damage and art that residents or property owners want to preserve.

• The character and variety of buildings. A neighborhood can include buildings from different periods, styles, uses, and cultures. Design decisions can consider how new construction and renovations contribute to an interesting, functional, and coherent streetscape without requiring every building to look alike.
• The condition of individual buildings. Well-maintained buildings can contribute to health, safety, comfort, and neighborhood stability. When properties need substantial repair, communities can explore rehabilitation assistance, code-compliance support, accessibility improvements, weatherization, grants, loans, or other resources.
   
  Vacant or underused buildings may create maintenance or safety concerns, but they may also represent opportunities for housing, community facilities, businesses, arts and culture, or other community-defined uses.

Older and historic buildings can often be resources rather than liabilities. Section 7 of this chapter, Encouraging Historic Preservation, discusses how communities can preserve and adapt historic resources.

• Unused or potentially hazardous sites. Former industrial properties, unused rail corridors, vacant lots, aging infrastructure, and other sites may need cleanup, repair, environmental assessment, or redevelopment. When appropriate, they may be reused as trails, parks, housing, businesses, community facilities, or other neighborhood resources.

Former transportation infrastructure can sometimes be adapted for new community uses. Trails, gardens, public spaces, and other projects have been created from rail corridors, bridges, industrial sites, and other properties that no longer serve their original purposes.

• Trees, gardens, and other plantings. Trees and vegetation can provide shade, reduce heat, support wildlife, manage stormwater, contribute to air quality, and make streets and public spaces more comfortable and inviting.

Planting choices should fit the local climate, available water, maintenance capacity, and ecological conditions. Native and climate-appropriate plants can often provide environmental benefits while requiring less irrigation, fertilizer, or other maintenance.

• Parks and other open space. Parks, plazas, gardens, trails, playgrounds, natural areas, and other shared spaces can provide recreation, shade, habitat, social connection, and opportunities for community activities.
   
  These spaces require ongoing maintenance and resources. Community volunteers may contribute to stewardship, but public agencies, property owners, or other responsible organizations should also plan for long-term maintenance, accessibility, programming, and safety.
• The streetscape. Buildings, sidewalks, trees, lighting, seating, public art, transportation, storefronts, signs, and open spaces all contribute to how a street functions and feels. Good streetscapes support walking, rolling, gathering, business activity, transportation, and everyday neighborhood life.

Buildings with active ground-floor uses, windows, entrances, seating, shade, and connections to the sidewalk can contribute to street activity. Large blank walls, difficult crossings, excessive vehicle access, and other design features may make walking or gathering less comfortable.

• Signage. Signs can identify businesses and community institutions, provide directions, explain rules, support wayfinding, communicate accessibility information, and contribute to the identity of a place.
   
  Effective signs should be legible, accessible, appropriate to their setting, and designed for the people who need to use them.
• Lighting. Outdoor lighting can support visibility, navigation, and use of public space after dark. Well-designed lighting directs light where it is needed while reducing glare, unnecessary energy use, intrusion into homes, and impacts on wildlife and night skies.
• Traffic and mobility. Vehicle speed, traffic volume, transit, walking, rolling, bicycling, deliveries, parking, and street design all affect neighborhood experience.
   
  Depending on local conditions, communities may consider traffic calming, safer crossings, sidewalks, bicycle facilities, street trees, transit improvements, accessibility upgrades, routing changes, or other strategies.

Noise and air pollution are neighborhood-quality issues as well as environmental and health concerns. Traffic, industry, construction, and other sources may affect sleep, stress, respiratory health, hearing, comfort, and use of outdoor space.

• Parking. Parking is necessary in many neighborhoods, but large surface lots can consume land, increase stormwater runoff, contribute to heat, and make walking less comfortable.
   
  Communities may consider landscaping, trees, shared parking, accessible parking, bicycle parking, structured parking, transit access, or other strategies based on local needs.
• Public art. Murals, sculpture, memorials, temporary installations, performances, and other public art can contribute to neighborhood identity, history, culture, and creativity. Public art is strongest when the communities represented have meaningful roles in deciding what is created and how their stories are presented.

Many neighborhood projects can be completed through resident leadership and partnerships. Others require public funding, professional expertise, permits, property-owner participation, or changes in policy.

Possible neighborhood-led projects include:

• A neighborhood, park, street, or vacant-lot cleanup. Public agencies may be able to provide tools, equipment, waste removal, or staff assistance.
• Voluntary assistance with individual properties. With the property owner's or resident's permission, neighbors may help with painting, gardening, cleanup, accessibility improvements, or minor repairs.
• Clearing trash or invasive vegetation and improving trails or natural areas, with appropriate permission and environmental guidance.
• Removing unwanted graffiti or harmful markings with the permission of the property owner or responsible agency.
• Creating murals or other public art through a community-informed process involving artists, residents, property owners, and others connected with the location.
• Planting and maintaining trees, gardens, pollinator areas, median plantings, or other climate-appropriate landscaping.

Design matters, especially for projects that will shape public spaces over many years. Residents bring essential knowledge about how a place is used and what it means to the community. Designers, artists, planners, engineers, landscape architects, accessibility professionals, and others can contribute technical knowledge when needed. Professional expertise should support community priorities rather than replace community decision-making.

Some improvements require action by a municipality, public agency, property owner, developer, or other institution. In those situations, residents may need to participate in public planning and decision-making processes.

Community priorities might include:

• Public investment that supports the neighborhood vision. Examples may include sidewalk repair, street trees, accessibility improvements, lighting, parks, stormwater improvements, traffic calming, or public-space maintenance.
• Financial or development incentives. Where legally available, grants, loans, tax incentives, façade programs, rehabilitation assistance, or other tools may help property owners or businesses make improvements.
• Policies, regulations, or enforcement. Communities may seek changes to zoning, property maintenance, transportation, environmental, historic-preservation, accessibility, or other policies that affect neighborhood conditions.
• Partnerships with neighborhood businesses and institutions. Businesses, schools, faith communities, health organizations, libraries, cultural institutions, and other organizations may contribute funding, programming, space, equipment, expertise, or staff time.

When possible, begin by identifying shared goals and the people or institutions responsible for the relevant decisions. Public meetings, planning processes, budget processes, administrative procedures, meetings with responsible staff, and other established channels can provide opportunities to present community priorities and evidence.

When concerns remain unresolved, residents may also use petitions, public comments, media communication, demonstrations, administrative complaints, legal action, or other forms of lawful civic participation. The appropriate approach depends on the issue, community goals, and applicable laws.

Why establish a neighborhood beautification program?

Neighborhood beautification and improvement can support several community goals.

• A neighborhood beautification program can strengthen belonging and stewardship. When residents help identify priorities and shape improvements, they may develop stronger connections with shared spaces and with one another.
• Neighborhood beautification can improve quality of life. Well-maintained sidewalks, trees, parks, buildings, lighting, public spaces, and other neighborhood features can support comfort, mobility, recreation, health, and social connection.
• Neighborhood improvement can help residents remain in and feel connected to their community. Improvements can also make a neighborhood welcoming to new residents, but plans should consider housing affordability and displacement so that current residents can benefit from the changes they help create.
• Neighborhood improvement can support local businesses. Walkable streets, public spaces, transportation access, nearby residents, and well-maintained commercial areas can support local economic activity.
• Neighborhood improvement can support arts and culture. Public art, cultural programming, performance spaces, libraries, museums, festivals, and other activities can expand opportunities for residents and help express community identity.
• Neighborhood beautification can support broader community development. Physical improvements may connect with housing, transportation, environmental health, economic development, historic preservation, community safety, and other resident-defined priorities.

Investment can also create displacement pressures. Improvements that make an area more desirable may contribute to rising rents, property taxes, or housing prices. Long-term planning should consider how current residents, renters, homeowners, businesses, and community institutions can remain and benefit from neighborhood investment.

• Neighborhood improvement can support community health. Tree canopy, open space, safer walking and bicycling conditions, reduced trash, lower traffic exposure, accessible recreation, and environmental improvements can all contribute to health and well-being.
• Neighborhood beautification can expand participation in community decision-making. Young people, older adults, renters, people with disabilities, multilingual residents, people experiencing housing instability, and others whose perspectives may be underrepresented in planning can contribute knowledge, creativity, relationships, and leadership.
• Neighborhood beautification can strengthen relationships. Working together on shared priorities can build connections among residents and organizations and contribute to social capital.

Social capital refers to the relationships, networks, trust, and patterns of cooperation that help people share information, support one another, and work together.

Social capital may develop through everyday neighbor-to-neighbor interactions, community organizations, businesses, schools, faith communities, events, volunteer projects, and other shared activities.

Scholars sometimes distinguish between bonding social capital, which develops among people with similar experiences or identities, and bridging social capital, which develops through relationships among people with different backgrounds or experiences. (Adapted from Chapter 26, Section 8, Creating Good Places for Interaction.)

• Neighborhood beautification can help communities communicate how they see themselves. Resident-led improvements, public art, cultural spaces, landscaping, restored buildings, and other features can reflect neighborhood strengths, history, identity, and priorities and can challenge negative or incomplete outside perceptions.

When should you establish a neighborhood beautification program?

Any time can be appropriate, but several situations may create useful opportunities for organizing and investment.

• When residents identify neighborhood improvement as a priority. Programs are strongest when the goals and direction come from people who live in and use the neighborhood.
• When a neighborhood is experiencing disinvestment or changing conditions. Vacant properties, deferred maintenance, declining infrastructure, safety concerns, limited public investment, loss of businesses, or other changes may create reasons for residents and institutions to work together on neighborhood priorities.
• When a specific problem or opportunity has been identified. A vacant building, littered lot, unsafe intersection, missing trees, inaccessible sidewalk, underused park, or other issue can become the starting point for broader neighborhood improvement.
• When funding or other support is available. Public agencies, foundations, businesses, nonprofits, or other partners may provide grants, tools, equipment, materials, technical assistance, or staff support.
• When environmental cleanup or redevelopment is underway. Brownfield cleanup, infrastructure work, rehabilitation of vacant properties, or other investment may provide opportunities to improve surrounding public spaces as well.
• When other neighborhood initiatives are underway. Beautification may complement work related to housing, health, community safety, environmental quality, transportation, economic development, youth development, culture, or recreation.

Who should be involved in establishing a neighborhood beautification program?

Because neighborhood improvements affect many people, planning should include a broad range of residents and organizations. Participation should reflect the people who live, work, learn, own property, operate businesses, provide services, and spend time in the neighborhood.

Participants might include:

• Homeowners.
• Renters.
• Landlords and property owners.
• Business owners, employees, and managers.
• Local officials and public-agency staff, including planning, transportation, public works, parks, health, housing, and other relevant departments.
• Young people.
• Older adults.
• People with disabilities and accessibility organizations.
• Residents from the racial, ethnic, cultural, linguistic, religious, and other communities represented in the neighborhood.
• Neighborhood associations, tenant organizations, block groups, youth groups, resident councils, and other resident-led organizations.
• Organizations and agencies that serve the neighborhood, such as libraries, health organizations, community-development organizations, cultural institutions, and human-service providers.
• Public services such as sanitation, recycling, fire and emergency services, planning, transportation, parks, and public works.
• Faith communities.
• Civic and service organizations.
• Schools, colleges, and other educational institutions.
• People experiencing homelessness or housing instability who spend time in or have connections with the neighborhood.
• Reentry organizations and residents who have experienced involvement with the justice system.

How do you establish a neighborhood beautification program?

There are three broad phases:

1. Bring together residents and other participants and identify community strengths, priorities, and opportunities.
2. Develop a vision, goals, strategies, action steps, responsibilities, resources, and a maintenance and evaluation plan.
3. Share the proposed plan with the broader neighborhood, incorporate feedback, establish community support, and begin implementation.

Phase One: Recruiting neighborhood residents as leaders and participants

Bring together people to help lead the effort. This might be an existing neighborhood organization, tenant association, resident council, or group of interested community members.

The leadership group should reflect the neighborhood as broadly as possible, including differences in age, race and ethnicity, language, disability, housing status, income, geography, and other experiences that may influence how people use and understand the neighborhood.

Because this is an ongoing program rather than a one-time event, establish a structure that allows responsibilities to be shared and new leaders to emerge over time.

Conduct outreach to neighborhood residents and organizations. People should have meaningful opportunities to shape the vision and priorities whether or not they want a formal leadership role.

Use multiple forms of outreach because different people receive information in different ways. These may include:

• Door-to-door outreach
• Phone or text communication
• Email
• Neighborhood websites or online groups
• Social media
• Flyers and posters
• Local newspapers, radio, or community media
• Schools, libraries, businesses, and community organizations
• Public meetings and community events

When collecting names, phone numbers, email addresses, or other contact information, tell people how the information will be used and protect it appropriately. Participation should not require people to provide more personal information than is necessary.

Make additional efforts to include residents whose perspectives have not been well represented in previous neighborhood planning.

Possible approaches include:

• Work with tenant organizations, resident councils, and residents of public, subsidized, and other rental housing.
• Work with organizations serving people experiencing homelessness or housing instability and create ways for people with lived experience to participate directly.
• Work with reentry organizations and other groups supporting people affected by the justice system. When volunteer or community-service opportunities are offered, participation should be safe, appropriate, and respectful.
• Work with schools, youth organizations, recreation programs, sports teams, clubs, and street-outreach or youth-development programs to involve young people.
• Connect with faith communities and cultural organizations serving different parts of the neighborhood.
• Connect with business associations and businesses owned by or serving different cultural and linguistic communities.
• Provide interpretation, translation, disability access, childcare, transportation support, different meeting times, remote participation, or other supports when they would make participation easier.

Phase Two: Developing a plan for neighborhood beautification

The planning process can follow the Community Tool Box's VMOSA – Vision, Mission, Objectives, Strategy, Action framework.

Assemble a participatory planning group. Include people with different experiences of the neighborhood as well as participants with useful technical, organizational, cultural, or professional knowledge.

Conduct a neighborhood assessment. Assess both community assets and areas residents want to improve.

• Draw on the knowledge and experience of residents participating in the planning group.
• Conduct interviews, surveys, listening sessions, or other outreach with additional residents and organizations.
• Conduct observations or neighborhood walks. Record both strengths and concerns: trees and public art as well as broken sidewalks, community gathering places as well as vacant lots, active businesses as well as areas needing investment.
• Consult planners, architects, landscape architects, engineers, accessibility professionals, artists, environmental professionals, historians, or others when specialized knowledge would help.

Many assessments focus primarily on problems or needs. An asset-based approach begins by identifying what residents value and what resources, relationships, knowledge, institutions, and physical assets already exist. The community can then consider how to strengthen those assets while addressing barriers and unmet needs.

Develop a vision for the neighborhood. Based on the assessment and community participation, describe what residents want the neighborhood to become or continue to be.

A vision may include:

• Well-maintained and accessible public spaces
• Safe and comfortable walking, rolling, bicycling, and transportation
• Housing stability and affordability
• Trees, gardens, and environmental quality
• Strong local businesses
• Public art and cultural expression
• Parks and recreation
• Historic and cultural preservation
• Places for gathering and community activities
• A neighborhood where residents feel welcome and able to participate

The vision should reflect the community's priorities rather than an outside standard of what a “good” neighborhood is supposed to look like.

Develop goals and measurable objectives. Break the long-term vision into achievable steps.

For example, rather than simply setting a goal of having “better open space,” objectives might include repairing a particular playground, planting shade trees along specific blocks, adding accessible seating, improving a trail connection, or establishing regular maintenance for a community garden.

Benchmarks and checkpoints can help participants understand whether progress is being made.

Consider the resources required for each goal before beginning. Resources may include funding, staff, volunteers, tools, professional expertise, permits, maintenance, insurance, transportation, accessibility supports, and partnerships.

Some early projects can build momentum using resources already available, while larger projects may require grants, public investment, fundraising, partnerships, or longer-term planning.

Develop an overall strategy. Decide which goals should be addressed first, which can happen at the same time, and which depend on funding, permits, public decisions, or other conditions.

Starting with an achievable project can demonstrate progress, but priorities should not be based only on what is easiest. Urgent accessibility, safety, housing, environmental, or infrastructure needs may require attention even when they are more difficult.

Develop an action plan for each goal. Identify:

• What will be done
• Who is responsible
• Who should be consulted or involved
• What resources are needed
• What permits or approvals are required
• When the work will occur
• How accessibility and safety will be addressed
• How progress will be measured
• Who will maintain the improvement over time

Develop a maintenance plan. A one-day project can create visible improvement, but long-term success requires clarity about what happens afterward.

Identify who will water trees, maintain gardens, remove trash, repair equipment, repaint public art, replace damaged signs, maintain accessibility features, or complete other recurring work.

Volunteers can contribute to stewardship, but ongoing public or organizational responsibilities should not be shifted onto residents simply because they care about their neighborhood.

Devise a way to monitor and evaluate the effort. Evaluation does not need to be complicated.

Possible measures include:

• Resident participation
• Number and location of completed improvements
• Accessibility
• Condition of sidewalks, parks, lots, trees, and buildings
• Use of parks and public spaces
• Resident satisfaction
• Maintenance needs
• Tree survival or canopy
• Pedestrian and bicycle use
• Participation by residents whose perspectives were previously underrepresented
• Housing or business displacement concerns

Ask not only whether a project was completed, but whether it produced the benefits residents expected and whether any unintended effects emerged.

Phase Three: Presenting the plan to the neighborhood, building support, and implementing the first step

The broader neighborhood should have an opportunity to review the draft plan, ask questions, suggest changes, and understand how priorities were selected.

Use multiple communication methods so participation does not depend on Internet access, a particular social-media platform, English proficiency, ability to attend an evening meeting, or any other single condition.

1. Present the plan to the neighborhood.

• Post the plan on an accessible neighborhood or organizational website.
• Share it through relevant social-media and community communication channels.
• Send it by email, text, or other communication methods to people who have agreed to receive updates.
• Mail or deliver printed copies where useful and feasible.
• Make copies available at accessible community locations such as libraries, schools, community centers, businesses, faith communities, housing offices, and other places residents use.
• Hold community meetings, open houses, workshops, or other opportunities for discussion.

Provide information in relevant community languages and accessible formats. Depending on the community, this may include interpretation, translated materials, captioning, large print, accessible electronic documents, plain language, or other communication supports.

2. Collect feedback. Give people several ways to respond and enough time to consider the plan.

• Online comments or community forums
• Email
• Social media
• Community meetings
• Written comments
• Comment boxes at community locations
• Paper, phone, or online surveys
• Focus groups or listening sessions
• Phone outreach
• One-on-one conversations with residents or groups who may not participate through the other methods

3. Incorporate feedback. Not every suggestion can necessarily be included, especially when ideas conflict or resources are limited. Explain how major decisions were made and why particular recommendations were or were not incorporated.

4. Present the final plan and establish community support. Depending on the neighborhood and organization, support might be documented through a meeting, vote, consensus process, endorsements from participating organizations, written comments, or another transparent method.

Celebrate the completion of the planning process, recognize the people who contributed, and clearly explain what will happen next.

5. Implement the first stage of the plan. An early project might be a cleanup, planting day, public-art project, sidewalk assessment, park improvement, accessibility audit, or another activity identified through the planning process.

For a community work day:

• Recruit volunteers based on the actual work to be done. Provide a range of roles so people with different abilities, ages, schedules, and interests can participate.
• Arrange appropriate assistance from public agencies or other partners, including tools, equipment, waste removal, materials, or qualified equipment operators.
• Obtain any required permits or permissions.
• Establish clear coordination and supervision. Make sure people using specialized tools or equipment have the necessary skills and safety guidance.
• Plan communication among organizers and participants.
• Plan for basic needs, including drinking water, food where appropriate, accessible restrooms, first aid, emergency procedures, shade or weather protection, and any needed accommodations.

Documenting the project with before-and-after photographs can help show progress. When photographing identifiable participants, especially children, obtain appropriate permission and explain how the images may be used.

• Share information with local and community media when coverage would help residents understand or participate in the effort.
• Leave the work area safe and orderly and make sure tools, materials, waste, and equipment are handled appropriately.
• Celebrate the work. Recognize participants and partners, share what was accomplished, and explain what comes next.

If the first step involves advocacy rather than a physical project, identify who has responsibility for the decision and the appropriate process for participating. A conversation with relevant public staff, officials, property owners, or other decision-makers may be a useful starting point.

6. Begin the next stage of the plan. Build on the relationships, knowledge, and momentum created through the first project while continuing to invite new participation.

7. Keep the program going. Neighborhoods are always changing, and maintaining shared spaces requires continuing attention. Plants grow, infrastructure ages, murals fade, buildings change hands, new residents arrive, and community priorities evolve.

Continue assessing what residents value, what needs attention, who is participating, and whether neighborhood investment is benefiting the people who live there.

In Summary

A neighborhood beautification program should do more than make a neighborhood look different. At its best, it is a resident-led process for improving and caring for shared spaces while strengthening community relationships and responding to locally defined priorities.

Neighborhood improvement can include trees and gardens, sidewalks, buildings, parks, public art, transportation, lighting, accessibility, environmental improvements, local businesses, cultural spaces, vacant-property reuse, and many other features.

Strong programs begin with community assets rather than defining a neighborhood by its problems. They involve renters as well as homeowners, young people and older adults, people with disabilities, multilingual communities, businesses, institutions, community organizations, public agencies, and others who experience the neighborhood in different ways.

Planning should also consider affordability and displacement so that the people who help strengthen a neighborhood can continue to live, work, gather, and participate there.

Meaningful participation, realistic planning, appropriate professional support, long-term maintenance, evaluation, and shared responsibility can turn individual projects into sustained neighborhood improvement.

The goal is not to make every neighborhood conform to a single idea of beauty. It is to help communities create and care for places that reflect their strengths, histories, cultures, priorities, and hopes for the future.

 

Contributor
Phil Rabinowitz

Editor
Andrea Glinn

 

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